Monday, Mar. 08, 1954

The story in TIME this week on Egypt's political convulsions involving Mohammed Naguib and Lieut. Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser (see FOREIGN NEWS) came as no real surprise to the editors in New York -nor will it to the TIME readers who have followed the recent stories on Egyptian politics. The reason was some perceptive, hard-digging reporting by TIME'S Jim Bell, now in Bonn, Germany after a three-year tour in the Middle East.

As early as last April, when most people still considered Naguib the real power in Egypt, Bell was the first reporter to flatly identify Nasser as the driving force in Egypt's new regime. Cabled Bell: "When the British sit down with the Egyptians for the Suez evacuation talks, they will find the key man isn't Mohammed Naguib or Foreign Minister Fawzi. Instead, the big gun will be Gamal Nasser . . . Have interesting biography and anecdotes on Nasser, who is about due recognition for what he is . . ."

The result of this was TIME'S two-column story (May 4, 1953) on Nasser, which described him as "a lean young field officer, just turned 35, who does not even hold Cabinet rank. Lieut. Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser is becoming the real power in Egypt's military junta -more important even than Naguib, the reluctant dictator."

Bell first began to suspect that Nasser was the man to watch shortly after the coup d'etat of July 23, 1952. Says Bell: "We started hearing the phrase El Bekbashi constantly around army headquarters. El Bekbashi wanted this done . . . has ordered . . . Bekbashi means lieutenant colonel in Arabic. El Bekbashi was obviously a big man, but we didn't know who he was. It was not until late summer that we learned that El Bekbashi was Nasser.

"During early fall we began hearing Nasser's name more and more. He led debate over outlawing the Wafd Party. When you went to Naguib's office, you noticed that every visitor and every piece of paper went first to Nasser in a small, nearby office before reaching Naguib himself. Gradually, as it became obvious that other members of the Revolutionary Council deferred to him, we became convinced that Nasser was the regime's No. 2 man. It became apparent about this time that Naguib was spending so much time kissing babies and other public-relations chores that he had little time for running the government."

In January 1953, Bell reported: "There is an uneasiness in the air in Cairo which becomes apparent after a few days to anyone who has felt Egypt's uneasiness in times past. It is hard to pin down because, despite the fact that the officers get around in public, they have isolated themselves from newsmen . . . The cause for this uneasiness is the increasing number of fights in the Officers' Committee itself, where the inability of the new regime to get anything done -except on paper -toward solving Egypt's basic problems is making tempers short. There have always been arguments among the officers, but of late they have been sharper, more basic. So far, they've ended up in agreement, but agreement is becoming harder and harder to get. The thing that's causing the trouble is that some officers, led generally by Lieut. Colonel Gamal Nasser, are impatient with the moderates, led generally by Mohammed Naguib . . ."

To get the true picture of Egypt's "gentle revolution" and discord, Bell was hampered by a fac,ade of secrecy and official announcements. However, he added: "As we tried to find out who was doing the real work in government, all trails led to Nasser." This was confirmed when the Egyptian Republic was launched in June 1953, when Naguib became President and Premier and Nasser was named Deputy Premier. Naguib, Bell reported, "will continue his real talents working 18 hours daily as the regime's symbol before Egypt's 22 million people."

As weeks went by. Bell continued to watch and TIME to report the under cover play for power in Egyptian politics. Two months ago Bell advised New York: "It is believed that the decision to relieve Naguib of the premiership, leaving him only an Auriol-like status, has already been made . . ."

Last week, by chance in Cairo on a special assignment, Bell was on hand to confirm his predictions. Along with TIME'S present Middle East Correspondent Keith Wheeler and part-time Cairo Correspondent Mohamed Wagdi, he helped report the ousting of Naguib, Egypt's popular symbol, and his recall in this latest test of power.

This file is automatically generated by a robot program, so reader's discretion is required.